OLD ENGLISH AND MODERN ENGLISH: A COMPREHENSIVE HISTORICAL AND LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
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Abstract
The English language has experienced profound transformation from its earliest recorded form, Old English, to the widely used Modern English of today. This article provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of these two stages, examining phonological, morphological, syntactic and lexical developments. It explores the historical events that shaped linguistic change, including Germanic settlement, Scandinavian influence and the Norman Conquest. Particular attention is given to the processes of grammatical simplification, lexical expansion and standardization. The study demonstrates that the evolution of English reflects broader socio-cultural and political changes and highlights the dynamic nature of language. Understanding the differences between Old and Modern English not only provides insight into linguistic history but also enhances awareness of contemporary language structure and usage.
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