AKBARSHA'S POLICY OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE
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Abstrak
This study analyzes the policy of religious tolerance of Akbar, the ruler of the Mughal Empire, based on historical and modern sources. The research examines the principle of sulh-i kul as articulated in Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak's Akbarnama, the scholarly interpretations of modern historians such as Athar Ali and Peter Hardy, as well as the critical views of ʿAbd al-Qadir Badayuni, who opposed Akbar's religious policies. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the fact that the sulh-i kul policy promoted by Akbar, the ruler of the Mughal Empire, is analyzed not as a traditional religious reform or a matter of personal belief, but as a model of political theology.
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Bo'lim
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1. A. Azfar Moin. "Sulh-i kull as an oath of peace: Mughal political theology in history, theory, and comparison," Cambridge University Press, 2022.
2. Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak. Akbarnama. Historical Chronicle. 1980.
3. Parvati Sharma. Akbar of Hindustan. Juggernaut Books.
4. M. Athar Ali. Sulh-i Kul and the Religious Ideas of Akbar, in Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Indian History Congress, 1980.
5. Peter Hardy. "Abul Fazl's Portrait of the Perfect Padshah: A Political Philosophy for Mughal India - or a Personal Puff for a Pal?," in Islam in India: Studies and Commentaries, Christian W. Troll (ed.), Vikas Publishing House, 1985.
6. Nizomiddinov, I.G'. History of the Great Mughals (XVI-XIX). -T.; "Science and Technology" 2012, 516 pages.
7. Fayziyev T. Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur and his descendants. T.: "Writer."-1996.