DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, SOCIETY, AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS FOR ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY

Resumen

This article analyzes how digital transformation reshapes ecological sustainability at the intersection of society and global governance. Digital technologies—data infrastructures, remote sensing, digital platforms, and AI—can strengthen evidence-based environmental policy by improving measurement, reporting and verification (MRV), transparency, compliance, and green innovation. UNEP emphasizes that timely, credible, accessible information is essential for sustainability decision-making and highlights Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) as a key enabler. The article compares major international approaches: the EU’s regulation-and-market architecture (ETS reform under Fit for 55 and CBAM), the United States’ incentive-heavy climate industrial policy under the Inflation Reduction Act, and Asian pathways such as Singapore’s carbon tax trajectory and China’s national ETS. The conclusion argues that digitalization is an enabling tool, while durable outcomes depend on institutional quality, policy coherence, and the credibility of governance arrangements.